ELI Crack the ******
This challenge can be found on the inside of the cover of issue 3.
The Setup
We're given four "expressions":
^[ABC]?(N)+.*L$
^N[A-E]{1}[A-Z]*?$
^.[E-U]{2}[R-T]{1}..$
^[A-Z]{2}[U-Z][RAM]A.$
The Match
These are regular expressions, or "regex". They are usually used to match patterns on text. The word we have to find is the only 6-letter word that matches all expressions.
Here are all of the symbols we need to know:
^ marks the beginning of a word
$ marks the end of a word
A means there is a A here
[XYZ] means that either X, Y or Z is in this spot
[W-Z] means that one letter from W to Z is in this spot
{5} means there are 5 occurrences of the previous item
. means there can be any one character in this spot
* means the previous item is repeated 0 or more times
+ means the previous item is repeated one or more times
? means the previous item is repeated 0 or 1 time
( ) groups things together
With this, we can guess:
^[ABC]?(N)+.*L$ => One or more N in the first or second spot, L at the last spot
^N[A-E]{1}[A-Z]*?$ => N in the first spot, then A to E in the second
^.[E-U]{2}[R-T]{1}..$ => E to U in the second and third spot, R to T in the fourth
^[A-Z]{2}[U-Z][RAM]A.$ => U to Z in the third spot, R, A or M in the fourth, A in the fifth
Already we can lock-in N***AL
The third spot is a letter from E to U and from U to Z, so it must be U.
N*U*AL
The fourth spot is a letter from R to T, but also has to be R, A or M, so it has to be R.
N*URAL
The second spot is a letter from A to E. Trying-out the five possibilities, only one is an English word. We've got our flag!